File formats encyclopedia

Explore the file formats Toolando.tech supports — learn the differences, when to choose MP3 vs FLAC, why WebP loads faster than JPG, and how to convert files safely online. Each format has its own page with description, pros, cons, and converter links.

File conversion basics

Converting a file changes how data is stored — e.g. from WAV (lossless, large) to MP3 (lossy, small). Every conversion can affect quality, file size, and compatibility with apps and devices.

Lossy formats (MP3, JPG, AAC) discard some information to shrink the file. Lossless formats (FLAC, PNG, WAV) keep all data. Converting from lossy to lossless won't recover lost quality — so pick the right format from the start.

At Toolando.tech files are processed on the server and deleted after the job completes. Once you know your target format, use the dedicated converter or open the format page to see all available conversion options.

Video

3GP.3GP

3GP (.3GP) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

AVI.AVI

AVI (.AVI) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

FLV.FLV

FLV (.FLV) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

M4V.M4V

M4V (.M4V) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

MKV.MKV

MKV (.MKV) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

MOV.MOV

MOV (.MOV) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

MP4.MP4

MP4 is a universal MPEG-4 container. Usually holds H.264/H.265 video and AAC audio. The YouTube, smartphone, and TV standard.

MPG.MPG

MPG (.MPG) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

WEBM.WEBM

WebM is Google's open web format using VP9/AV1 and Opus — natively supported by Chrome, Firefox, and Edge.

WMV.WMV

WMV (.WMV) is a video file format. Video formats store moving images and often audio — used in recordings, films, and streaming.

Audio

AAC.AAC

AAC (.AAC) is a audio file format. Audio formats store music, podcasts, voice recordings, and video soundtracks.

AIFF.AIFF

AIFF (.AIFF) is a audio file format. Audio formats store music, podcasts, voice recordings, and video soundtracks.

FLAC.FLAC

FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec) compresses audio without quality loss — smaller than WAV, bit-perfect. Ideal for music archiving.

M4A.M4A

M4A (.M4A) is a audio file format. Audio formats store music, podcasts, voice recordings, and video soundtracks.

MP3.MP3

MP3 is the world's most popular audio format. It uses lossy compression that removes barely audible sounds, making files up to 10× smaller than WAV at acceptable quality.

OGG.OGG

OGG (.OGG) is a audio file format. Audio formats store music, podcasts, voice recordings, and video soundtracks.

OPUS.OPUS

OPUS (.OPUS) is a audio file format. Audio formats store music, podcasts, voice recordings, and video soundtracks.

WAV.WAV

WAV (Waveform Audio File Format) is uncompressed lossless audio by Microsoft and IBM. It stores raw samples — the studio standard.

WMA.WMA

WMA (.WMA) is a audio file format. Audio formats store music, podcasts, voice recordings, and video soundtracks.

Images

AVIF.AVIF

AVIF (.AVIF) is a image file format. Image formats store raster or vector graphics — photos, illustrations, icons.

GIF.GIF

GIF (.GIF) is a image file format. Image formats store raster or vector graphics — photos, illustrations, icons.

HEIC.HEIC

HEIC (High Efficiency Image Container) is Apple's default iPhone/iPad photo format. Smaller than JPG at the same quality but poor compatibility outside Apple's ecosystem.

JPG.JPG

JPG (JPEG) dominates digital photography. DCT lossy compression yields small files at good visual quality — the web standard since the 90s.

PNG.PNG

PNG is a lossless image format with alpha transparency. Ideal for logos, icons, screenshots, and sharp graphics.

SVG.SVG

SVG (.SVG) is a image file format. Image formats store raster or vector graphics — photos, illustrations, icons.

TIFF.TIFF

TIFF (.TIFF) is a image file format. Image formats store raster or vector graphics — photos, illustrations, icons.

WebP.WEBP

WebP is Google's modern format with lossy/lossless modes, animation, and transparency. Files are 25–35% smaller than JPG.

Data

CSV.CSV

CSV (.CSV) is a data file format. Data formats exchange structured information between systems and apps.

JSON.JSON

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight text data format. The REST API, app config, and NoSQL standard.

TSV.TSV

TSV (.TSV) is a data file format. Data formats exchange structured information between systems and apps.

XML.XML

XML (.XML) is a data file format. Data formats exchange structured information between systems and apps.

YAML.YAML

YAML (.YAML) is a data file format. Data formats exchange structured information between systems and apps.

Documents

DOCX.DOCX

DOCX (Office Open XML) is Microsoft Word's document format. Enables editing text, styles, and layout — the office standard alongside PDF.

HTML.HTML

HTML (.HTML) is a document file format. Document formats store formatted or plain text — reports, contracts, notes.

Markdown.MD

Markdown (.MD) is a document file format. Document formats store formatted or plain text — reports, contracts, notes.

ODT.ODT

ODT (.ODT) is a document file format. Document formats store formatted or plain text — reports, contracts, notes.

PDF.PDF

PDF (Portable Document Format) is Adobe's fixed-layout document standard. Preserves fonts and graphics on any device.

RTF.RTF

RTF (.RTF) is a document file format. Document formats store formatted or plain text — reports, contracts, notes.

TXT.TXT

TXT (.TXT) is a document file format. Document formats store formatted or plain text — reports, contracts, notes.

Fonts

OTF.OTF

OTF (.OTF) is a font file format. Font formats store letter shapes used in print and on websites.

TTF.TTF

TTF (.TTF) is a font file format. Font formats store letter shapes used in print and on websites.

WOFF.WOFF

WOFF (.WOFF) is a font file format. Font formats store letter shapes used in print and on websites.

WOFF2.WOFF2

WOFF2 (.WOFF2) is a font file format. Font formats store letter shapes used in print and on websites.